Culvert



May 25, 1937- J. kAHN -r AL Y v 2,081,872

Mui' r/UWI'? ATTORNEYS Patented May 25, 1937 PATENT OFFICE Julius Kahn and Walter F. Schulz, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, assgnors to Republic Steel Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of New Jersey Application February 19, 1937, Serial No. 126,660

8 Claims.

This invention relates broadly to sheet metal culverts and more particularly to new and improved corrugated sheet metal culverts having new and improved linings.

Heretofore, culverts have been made of`relatively thin, corrugated sheet metal and have been protected against the abrasive action of liquidsI and solids flowing therethru as by a coating of bituminous material ,covering parts of or all the fculvert, or by linings of concretemetal or other material.

While these various prior constructions possessed certain advantages, they also had certain disadvantages. 'I'he `bituminous coatings used, whether applied to plane or corrugated metal, was held in place primarily by surface to surface adherence. Since the culvert expanded/and contracted somewhat, in response to temperature changes, and was exposed to flowing liquids and solids'at various temperatures and the impact forces of such materials, the coating frequently checked l'or cracked, and parts thereof were often broken away from the metal, thus leaving the metal exposed-'to the wear and tear of the elements. Where concrete or similar materials were used as;` culvert linings, the lining was heavy, expensive-and liable to breakage during handling or installation as well as Qduring use. Where a sheet metal liner was used without a bituminouscoating it was subject to rather rapid' deterioration, and when it had such a coating, the latter possessed -all the above mentioned disadvantages of such material and the additional disadvantage that it had a weaker attachment to the smooth steel than it would have had to corrugated steel.

The present invention provides a culvert which possesses the advantages of prior sheet metal culverts, but does not have their maior disadvantages, and also possesses new and unexpected advantages including greatly increased resistance to abrasion and increased length of life without any large or prohibitive increase in cost, In other words, the culverts of the presentinvention are better and more satisfactory than prior culverts and are less expensive than the prior culverts when all necessary factors' are' considered.

In the preferred form, the new and improved culvert of the present invention includes a sheet metal pipe having circumferential corrugations, a perforated, smooth, arcuate, metal liner plate secured thereto and covering a small portion of the inner surface thereof, a sheet or layer of fibrous material, such as-tar paper, roofing felt (CI. 13S-70) ferred form, the coating material on certain surfaces not being shown.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional View of a culvert embodying the present invention, with certain' parts being shown in elevation and other parts being broken away, and with the showing of coating material being confined to the lower part of the culvert.

Figure 3 is 'an enlarged transverse sectional view taken on line v3 3 of Figure 2.

In the drawing, the sheet metal pipe Ill is provided with circumferentially extending corrugations II. A sheet or layer of fibrous material I2, such as tar paper, roofing paper or the like, covers part of the inner surface of pipe IIJ and rests on inner crests yof corrugations II. A smooth, arcuate, metal liner plate I3 of sufficient circumferential length to cover only a part of the inner surface of pipe I and having a radius of curvature approximately that of the pipe rests on the layer I2 and is secured to the pipe I0, as by rivets I4 whichl extend thru and hold sheet I2 in place. The plate I3 ls perforated, as

at I4a.

The interior and exterior surfaces of pipe I0 and the inner surface of plate I3 are covered with a layer or coating' I5 of bituminous mate- Such material also substantially fills the perforations I4a and the spaces between Jthe liner and the inner surface of the pipe. The plate I3 is curved outwardly at one end as indicated at I6, about a curved end I'I of pipe I0, such end being the upstream end of the culvert when in use. The downstream end is bent outwardly as at I8, to lie close to the pipe. In this manner the ends'ofthe spaces between the liner and pipe are sealed against ready outflow of lliquid bituminous material therein and the coating inside and outside of the culvert is united at the ends.

The material I5 has surface adherence to the pipe and to plate I3 and is-additionally anchored to the plate by the material in perforations I4a possesses many advantages.

which is united to the material which may lie between the plate and the sheet of fibrous material I2. The bituminous material also adheres strongly to the brous sheet I2 and is thereby reinforced in its anchorage to the liner I3. Moreover, the sheet I2 is strongly bound to the bituminous material whch is between the sheet and the pipe. The sheet I2 also serves as a means for retaining bituminous material between the pipe` and liner I3 for, due to its brous nature, it impedes the flow of liquid bituminous material when the pipe is tilted for drainage and thus insures retention of considerable quantities of such material between liner I3 and the pipe. It will be noted that the bituminous material entirely surrounds plate I3, covering not only the longitudinal sides but also the ends thereof. This complete encasing of plate I3 in bituminous material prevents ready removal of such material in use of the culvert and thus increases the life of the culvert.

The preferred form of culvert. of this invention It has exceptionally long life, for the coating on liner I3 has greater adherence thereto than in prior culverts, due to the anchorages in perforations Ila. and the attachment to sheet I2. Even if Vsuch coating is removed from the inner surface of the liner, the latter will give long service before it is worn away. The culvert possesses long life even after removal of the linerV I3 for the fibrous layer I 2 constitutes a coveringA for the bituminous material between it and the pipe and, due to its adherence thereto, will protect the bituminous 'material for a further period of time, after which such material will still be serviceable for a, lfurther long period of time.

The present construction permits the useof lighter gage metal in the pipe and thus the weight of the preferred culvert may closely approximate that of prior culverts while the life will be much greater. Y

In. manufacturing culverts of this invention, a layer or sheet of brous..material I2 is placed on` the inner surface of the corrugated-pipe I0,

and the perforated, smooth, arcuate, liner plate II is then placed over the brous material and is secured -to the pipe as by rivets I4. The pipe is then immersed in a bath of liquid bituminous material and slowly rotated to insure that the inner surfaces of the pipe and liner will be coated and that the spaces between the liner and the pipe will be substantially fllledV with such matcrial. The pipe is thenwithdrawn from the bath and is inclined at an angle to permit excess bituminous material to drain out.

The danger of checking, cracking or breaking away of the bituminous material in a culvert of the present invention, during handling or installation as well as during use, is greatly reduced .if not entirely avoided through the use of the perforated liner and the layer Vof fibrous material. Since the fibrous material is attached to the -bituminous material on its opposite sides and is standard tumbling test in which pieces of bricks,

stones or the like, and water are violently agitated in-the culvert.

Obviously many of the foregoing advantages are possessed by a modified construction in which the liner I3 is not provided with perforations, such as Ida. Also, many advantages are possessed by a construction which does not include the sheet or layer of brous material. Accordingly, such modications are considered as a part of the present invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is desired to be obtained by Letters Patent is defined by What is claimed.

What is claimed is:'-

1. A culvert comprising a corrugated sheet metal pipe, lining means for a part of the inner circumferential length of said pipe, said means including anarcuate, sheet metal plate having a radius approximating that of the pipe and a sheet of fibrous material between the plate and the pipe, means securing the lining means within said pipe,.and bituminous material covering the inner surface of said plate, substantially filling the spaces between the outer surface of said plate and the inner surface of said pipe, and adhering to said sheet of fibrous material.

2. A culvert comprising a corrugated sheet metal pipe, lining means for a part of the innerv plate and the pipe, means securing the lining means within said pipe, and bituminous material covering the inner surface of said plate, substantially lling the perforations in said plate and the spaces between the outer surfaces of said plate and the inner surface of said pipe, and adhering Ito said sheet of fibrous material.

3. A culvert comprising a corrugated sheet metal pipe, a sheet metal liner for the pipe having a radius of curvature approximating that of the pipe and a circumferential length much less than that of the pipe, a sheet of brous material between the liner and pipe, means securing said liner and sheet in said pipe, and bituminous material covering the inner surface of said liner, j substantially filling spaces between the liner and the pipe and adhering to said sheet.

4. A culvert comprising a corrugated sheet metal pipe, a sheet metal liner for the pipe having a radius of curvature approximating that of the pipe and a circumferential length much less than that of the pipe, said liner having a plurality of perforations extending therethru, a sheet of fibrous material between the liner and pipe, means securing said liner and sheet in said pipe, and bituminous material covering the inner surface of said liner, vsubstantally filling said perforations and spaces between the liner and the pipe and adhering to said sheet.

5. A culvert comprising a corrugated sheet metal pipe', a sheetof fibrous material resting on inner crests of corrugations of the pipe, an arcuate, sheet metal plate resting on said sheet and covering only a small part of the inner circumferential length of said pipe, means securing the plate, sheet and pipe in assembled relation, andl bituminous material covering the inner surfaces of said pipe and plate, substantially filling spaces between said plate and said pipe and adhering to said sheet.

`6. A culvert comprising a sheet metal pipe, a

'sheet of fibrous material resting on inner crests 75 of corrugations of the pipe, an arcuate sheet metal liner on the inner side of said sheet and covering only a small part of the inner circumferential length of said pipe, said plate when assembled with said pipe and said sheet forming spaces between itself and the inner surface of the pipe, said plate being shaped at one end to lie close to the end of said pipe and substantially to seal the adjacent end of the space between said plate and pipe, means securing the liner, sheet and pipe in assembled relation, and bituminous material covering the inner surfaces of said pipe and liner, substantially filling spaces between said liner and pipe and adhering to said sheet.

'7. A culvert comprising a corrugated sheet metal pipe, a sheet of fibrous material resting on inner crests of corrugations of said pipe, an arcuate sheet metal liner on the inner side of said sheet and covering onlya small part of the inner circumferential length of said pipe, said liner.

forming spaces between itself and the inner surface of said pipe, said liner being shaped at its ends to lie close to the ends of said pipeand substantially to seal Ythe ends of spaces between said liner and pipe, and bituminous materiall covering the inner surfaces of said pipe and liner, substantially filling spaces between said plate and pipe and adhering to said sheet.

8. A culvert comprising a corrugated sheet metal pipe, lining means secured therein and in- 1 cluding an arcuate sheet metal plate relatively short in circumferential length as compared with the circumferential length of said pipe, a sheet of fibrous material on the outside of said plate, and bituminous material encasing said lining means, and bituminous material on exterior surfaces of said pipe and united at the ends of the latter to said encasing material.

. JULIUS KAHN.

WALTER F. SCHULZ. 

